In the 1920s, the Institute of the Peoples of the North initiated their campaign of developing written norms for the indigenous minorities in the Northern USSR. Erukhim Abramovich Kreinovich, a Soviet ethnographer and linguist, was tasked with the challenge of developing a draft for a Nivkh orthography. He completed his work in 1931, using a subset of the Unified Northern Alphabet.Alkor, 1931. With minor modifications, Kreinovich’ spelling was approved in February of 1932.Alkor, 1934. It was implemented the same year in the primer Cuzd̦if,Krejnovic, 1932. and in a few primary school textbooks,For example the 1936 abecedarium Nivꜧ-bitꜧə (Krejnovic, 1936). and also employed over eleven issues of the short-lived Nivkh newspaper Nivxgu mәkәr-qlaj-d̦if.Kolga et al, 1991/2001.
Alkor, Y. P. (Ed.). (1931). Письменность народов Севера: Книга Х [Culture and Writing of the East: Book X], pp. 12–31. All-Union Central Committee of the New Alphabet. Retrieved 20 September 2026 from viewer.rsl.ru
Alkor, Y. P. (Ed.). (1934). Языки и письменность народов Севера, vol 3 [Languages and writing of the peoples of the North, vol 3], pp. 184–187. Institut Narodov Severa. Retrieved 20 September 2026 from prlib.ru
Kolga, M., Tõnurist, I., Vaba, L. & Viikberg, J. (2001). The Nivkhs. In The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire. (Original work published 1991). Retrieved 20 September 2026 from arhiiv.eki.ee
Kreinovich, E. A. (1932). Cuzd̦if [New Word]. Institut Narodov Severa.
Krejnovic, E. A. (1936). Nivꜧ-bitꜧə [Nivkh Abecedarium]. Uꞓpedgiz.
Nivxgu mәkәr-qlaj-d̦if [The Nivkh truth]. (1930s). Nikolayevsk-on-Amur.
